langkah untuk mengembalikan hardisk yang tersembunyi

1. start menu..

2. seterusnya pilih Run pada start menu tersebut dan enter.

3. seterunya, taipkan gpedit.msc pada ruangan tersebut dan tekan ok.

4. pilih "User Configuration"
5. pilih "Administrative Templates"
6. pilih "Windows Components"
7. dan Windows Explorer.
8. kemudian pada sebelah kanan kekotak itu pilih pada "Hide these
Specified drives in My Computer"
9. Pilih Disabled dan Klik OK.

"Happy To Try It :)"

mempercepatkan start menu anda

Click on Start, pilih pada "Run",taipkan "REGEDIT"
ikuti langkah dibah;
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE/ SYSTEM/CurrentCo ntrolSet/ Control.
Click pada "Control" Folder.
double click "WaitToKillServiceT imeout"
kemudian tetapkan value 4000 dan kebawah.

sembunyikan 'User Accounts' daripada pengguna

Start - Run, dan taipkan: GPEDIT.MSC
Open the path
User Config > Admin Templates > Control Panel
doubleclick "Hide specified Control Panel applets"
put a dot in 'enabled', then click 'Show"
click Add button,
taip "nusrmgt.cpl" pada kekotak

Logon Message anda

Click Start, click Run, type regedit, kemudian click OK.
pada Registry Editor, ikuti arahan ini:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\ SOFTWARE\ Microsoft\ Windows
NT\CurrentVersion\ Winlogon
click kanan LegalNoticeCaption, click Modify, taip My Windows XP
Machine, kemudian click OK.
click kanan LegalNoticeText, click Modify, and then type your
message.
tutup editor dan new message anda akan terpapar apabila log on.

Paparkan Hidden File Kekal

- Biarkan kita telah set untuk Show Hidden Files namun ia masih kembali ke “Do Not Show Hidden Files”

- langkah untuk mengembalikan Command Prompt tersebut.
- Pergi ke Start Menu dan kemudian klik Run
- Copy dan Paste command ini di dalam Run

REG add HKLM\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\

Explorer\Advanced\Folder\Hidden\SHOWALL /v CheckedValue /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f

Klasifikasi jaringan komputer

• Local Area Network (LAN)
Local Area Network (LAN), merupakan jaringan milik pribadi di dalam sebuah gedung atau kampus yang berukuran sampai beberapa kilometer. LAN seringkali digunakan untuk menghubungkan komputer-komputer pribadi dan workstation dalam kantor suatu perusahaan atau pabrik-pabrik untuk memakai bersama sumberdaya (resouce, misalnya printer) dan saling bertukar informasi.

• Metropolitan Area Network (MAN)
Metropolitan Area Network (MAN), pada dasarnya merupakan versi LAN yang berukuran lebih besar dan biasanya menggunakan teknologi yang sama dengan LAN. MAN dapat mencakup kantor-kantor perusahaan yang letaknya berdekatan atau juga sebuah kota dan dapat dimanfaatkan untuk keperluan pribadi (swasta) atau umum. MAN mampu menunjang data dan suara, bahkan dapat berhubungan dengan jaringan televisi kabel.

• Wide Area Network (WAN)
Wide Area Network (WAN), jangkauannya mencakup daerah geografis yang luas, seringkali mencakup sebuah negara bahkan benua. WAN terdiri dari kumpulan mesin-mesin yang bertujuan untuk menjalankan program-program (aplikasi) pemakai.

• Internet
Sebenarnya terdapat banyak jaringan didunia ini, seringkali menggunakan perangkat keras dan perangkat lunak yang berbeda-beda . Orang yang terhubung ke jaringan sering berharap untuk bisa berkomunikasi dengan orang lain yang terhubung ke jaringan lainnya. Keinginan seperti ini memerlukan hubungan antar jaringan yang seringkali tidak kampatibel dan berbeda. Biasanya untuk melakukan hal ini diperlukan sebuah mesin yang disebut gateway guna melakukan hubungan dan melaksanakan terjemahan yang diperlukan, baik perangkat keras maupun perangkat lunaknya. Kumpulan jaringan yang terinterkoneksi inilah yang disebut dengan internet.

Program Run Command untuk windows xp

Accessibility Controls = access.cpl
Accessibility Wizard = accwiz
Add Hardware Wizard = hdwwiz.cpl
Add/Remove Programs = appwiz.cpl
Administrative Tools = control admintools
Adobe Acrobat ( if installed ) = acrobat
Adobe Distiller ( if installed ) = acrodist
Adobe ImageReady ( if installed ) = imageready
Adobe Photoshop ( if installed ) = photoshop
Automatic Updates = wuaucpl.cpl
Basic Media Player = mplay32
Bluetooth Transfer Wizard = fsquirt
Calculator calc Ccleaner(if installed) = ccleaner
C: Drive = c:
Certificate Manager = cdrtmgr.msc
Character Map = charmap
Check Disk Utility = chkdsk
Clipboard Viewer = clipbrd
Command Prompt = cmd
Command Prompt = command
Component Services = dcomcnfg
Computer Management = compmgmt.msc
Compare Files = comp
Control Panel = control
Create a shared folder Wizard = shrpubw
Date and Time Properties = timedate.cpl
DDE Shares = ddeshare
Device Manager = devmgmt.msc
Direct X Control Panel ( if installed ) = directx.cpl
Direct X Troubleshooter = dxdiag
Disk Cleanup Utility = cleanmgr
Disk Defragment = dfrg.msc
Disk Partition Manager = diskmgmt.msc
Display Properties = control desktop
Display Properties = desk.cpl
Display Properties(w/Appearance Tab Preselected ) = control color
Dr. Watson System Troubleshooting Utility = drwtsn32
Driver Verifier Utility verifier Ethereal(if installed) = ethereal
Event Viewer = eventvwr.msc
Files and Settings Transfer Tool = migwiz
File Signature Verification Tool = sigverif
Findfast = findfast.cpl
Firefox = firefox
Folders Properties = control folders
Fonts = fonts
Fonts Folder = fonts
Free Cell Card Game = freecell
Game Controllers = joy.cpl
Group Policy Editor ( xp pro ) = gpedit.msc
Hearts Card Game = mshearts
Help and Support = helpctr
Hyperterminal = hypertrm
Hotline Client = hotlineclient
Iexpress Wizard = iexpress
Indexing Service = ciadv.msc
Internet Connection Wizard = icwonn1
Internet Properties = inetcpl.cpl
Internet Setup Wizard = inetwiz
IP Configuration = ipconfig /all
IP Configuration (Display DNS Cache Contents) = ipconfig /displaydns
IP Configuration (Delete DNS Cache Contents) = ipconfig /flushdns
IP Configuration (Release All Connections) = ipconfig /release
IP Configuration (Renew All Connections) = ipconfig /renew
IP Config (Refreshes DHCP & Re-Registers DNS) = ipconfig /registerdns
IP Configuration (Display DHCP Class ID) = ipconfig /showclassid
IP Configuration (Modifies DHCP Class ID) = ipconfig /setclassid
Java Control Panel ( if installed ) = picpl32.cpl
Java Control Panel ( if installed ) = javaws
Keyboard Properties = control keyboard
Local Security Settings = secpol.msc
Local Users and Groups = lusrmgr.msc
Logs You Out of Windows = logoff
Malicious Software Removal Tool = mrt
Microsoft Access ( if installed ) = access.cpl
Microsoft Chat = winchat
Microsoft Excel ( if installed ) = excel
Microsoft Diskpart = diskpart
Microsoft Frontpage ( if installed ) = frontpg
Microsoft Movie Maker = moviemk
Microsoft Management Console = mmc

Microsoft Narrator = narrator
Microsoft Paint = mspaint
Microsoft Powerpoint = powerpnt
Microsoft Word ( if installed ) = winword
Microsoft Syncronization Tool = mobsync
Minesweeper Game = winmine
Mouse Properties = control mouse
Mouse Properties = main.cpl
MS-Dos Editor = edit
MS-Dos FTP = ftp
Nero ( if installed ) = nero
Netmeeting = conf
Network Connections = control netconnections
Network Connections = ncpa.cpl
Network Setup Wizard = netsetup.cpl
Notepad = notepad
Nview Desktop Manager ( if installed ) = nvtuicpl.cpl
Object Packager = packager
ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbccp32
ODBC Data Source Administrator = odbccp32.cpl
On Screen Keyboard = osk
Opens AC3 Filter ( if installed )= ac3filter.cpl
Outlook Express = msimn
Paint = pbrush
Password Properties = password.cpl
Performance Monitor = perfmon.msc
Performance Monitor = perfmon
Phone and Modem Options = telephon.cpl
Phone Dialer = dialer
Pinball Game = pinball
Power Configuration = powercfg.cpl
Printers and Faxes = control printers
Printers Folder= printers
Private Characters Editor = eudcedit
Quicktime ( if installed ) = quicktime.cpl
Quicktime Player ( if installed ) = quicktimeplayer
Real Player ( if installed ) = realplay
Regional Settings = intl.cpl
Registry Editor = regedit
Registry Editor = regedit32
Remote Access Phonebook = rasphone
Remote Desktop = mstsc
Removable Storage = ntmsmgr.msc
Removable Storage Operator Requests = ntmsoprq.msc
Resultant Set of Policy ( xp pro ) = rsop.msc
Scanners and Cameras = sticpl.cpl
Scheduled Tasks control= schedtasks
Security Center = wscui.cpl
Services = services.msc
Shared Folders = fsmgmt.msc
Sharing Session = rtcshare
Shuts Down Windows = shutdown
Sounds Recorder = sndrec32
Sounds and Audio = mmsys.cpl
Spider Solitare Card Game = spider
SQL Client Configuration = clicongf
System Configuration Editor = sysedit
System Configuration Utility = msconfig
System File Checker Utility ( Scan Immediately ) = sfc /scannow
System File Checker Utility ( Scan Once At Next Boot ) = sfc /scanonce
System File Checker Utility ( Scan On Every Boot ) = sfc /scanboot
System File Checker Utility ( Return to Default Settings) = sfc /revert
System File Checker Utility ( Purge File Cache ) = sfc /purgecache
System File Checker Utility ( Set Cache Size to Size x ) = sfc /cachesize=x
System Information msinfo32 System Properties = sysdm.cpl
Task Manager = taskmgr
TCP Tester = tcptest
Telnet Client = telnet
Tweak UI ( if installed ) = tweakui
User Account Management = nusrmgr.cpl
Utility Manager utilman
Volume Serial Number for = C: label
Volume Control = sndvol32
Windows Address Book = wab
Windows Address Book Import Utility = wabmig
Windows Backup Utility ( if installed ) = ntbackup
Windows Explorer = explorer
Windows Firewall = firewall.cpl
Windows Installer Details = msiexec
Windows Magnifier = magnify
Windows Management Infrastructure = wmimgmt.msc
Windows Media Player = wmplayer
Windows Messenger = msnsgs
Windows Picture Import Wizard (Need camera connected) = wiaacmgr
Windows System Security Tool = syskey
Windows Script host settings = wscript
Widnows Updte Launches = wupdmgr
Windows Version ( shows your windows version ) = winver
Windows XP Tour Wizard = tourstart
Wordpad = write
Zoom Utility = igfxzoom

remove brontok

Start ur computer in safe mode with command prompt and type the followinf command to enable registry editor:-




reg delete


HKCU\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system /v "DisableRegistryTools"


and run


HKLM\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\policies\system /v "DisableRegistryTools"




after this ur registry editor is enable


type explorergo


to run and type regedit


then follow the following path :-


HKLM\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Currentversion\Run




on the right side delete the entries which contain 'Brontok' and 'Tok-' words.




after that restart ur system


open registry editor and follow the path to enable folder option in tools menu




HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows\Currentversion\Policies\Explorer\


'NoFolderOption'


delete this entry and restart ur computer




and search *.exe files in all drives (search in hidden files also)remove all files which are display likes as folder icon.




ur computer is completely free from virus brontok

perbezaan windows

1.0  SISTEM PENGOPERASIAN WINDOWS

1.1  Pengenalan Kepada Sistem Pengoperasian Windows

1.1.1        Evolusi Sistem Pengoperasian Windows

1.       Windows 1.0 à Windows 2.0 à Windows 3.0 à Windows 3.1 & NT à Windows 95 à  Windows NT 4.0 à Windows 98 à Windows 2000 à Windows ME à Windows XP à Windows 2003 Server à Windows Vista à Windows Blackcomb

2.       Setiap OS (Sistem Pengoperasian) yang dibangunkan adalah mengikut tahun yang berbeza dan sentiasa dikemaskini bagi memastikan tiada ralat yang berlaku di dalam OS tersebut.

1.1.2        Perbezaan Windows 2000 Profesional dan Windows 2000 Server

Spesifikasi	Windows 2000 Professional	Windows 2000 server
Pemasangan	Pada stesyen kerja	Pada pelayan (server)
Sokongan pemproses	2 mikropemproses	4 mikropemproses
Sokongan rangkaian	1 talian rangkaian dalam 1 masa	256 talian sesi rangkaian dalam satu masa
Kandungan pelayan	Personal web server	Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS)

               

1.2  Pemasangan Sistem Pengoperasian Windows

1.2.1        Spesifikasi Minimum Perkakasan Bagi Pemasangan Windows.

Komponen	Keperluan bagi Windows 2000 Pro
CPU	Pentium based
Memory	32 MB 64 MB recommended
Hard disk space	One or more hard disks with a minimum of about 650 MB (2 GB recommended) on the partition that will contain the system files
Networking	Network adapter card
Display	Video display adapter and monitor with Video Graphics Adapter (VGA) resolution or higher
Other drives	CD-ROM drive, 12X or faster recommended (not required for installing Windows 2000 over a network)
Accessories	Keyboard and mouse or other pointing device

Windows 2000 Pro.

Komponen	Keperluan bagi Windows 2000 Server
Processor	32-bit Pentium 133 MHz.
Free hard disk space	One or more hard disks where %systemroot% (C:\WINNT by default) is located on a partition with at least 671 MB of free space (2 GB is recommended).
Memory	64 MB for networking with one to five client computers; 128 MB minimum is recommended for most network environments.
Display	VGA monitor capable of 640 x 480 (1024 x 768 recommended).
CD-ROM drive	12x or faster recommended; not required for network installations.
Additional drives	High-density 3.5-inch disk drive, unless your CD-ROM is bootable and supports starting the Setup program from a CD-ROM.
Optional components	Mouse or other pointing device. For network installation: a network adapter and an MS-DOS-based network operating system that permits connection to a server containing the Windows 2000 Setup files.

Windows 2000 Server

Display Ur Name At Da Taskbar

1)Go to Start.

2)Pilih pada Control Panel.

3)click pada "Date, Time, Language And Regional Options."

4)klik pada "Regional And Language Options"

5)klik pada customize

6)pilih pada Time tab.

7)Kemudian tukar AM/PM symbols pada nama that
you mahu  to have paparkan on your taskbar
dan klik Apply dan OK.